Piping is the system of pipes, fittings, valves, and supports used to transport fluids such as water, oil, gas, steam, or chemicals within industrial plants, buildings, and infrastructure projects. It is a critical part of process industries like oil and gas, power generation, water treatment, and manufacturing. Piping systems are designed based on factors such as pressure, temperature, flow rate, and the nature of the material being transported. The process includes routing design, material selection, fabrication, welding, installation, and testing to ensure leak-free and safe operation. Proper piping ensures efficient flow, system reliability, and operational safety while also allowing easy maintenance and control of industrial processes.